This Article is written by M. Angala Parameshwari currently pursuing Third year of BALLB in Chennai Dr Ambekar Government Law College, Pudupakkam during her Internship at LeDroit India.
Abstract:
This article focused on the topic National Education policy, 2020 and here I am discussing the various approaches of National Education policy. The National Education Policy, shortly known as NEP , came into force on July 29, 2020 by replacing the old National Policy on Education, 1986. This National Education policy, 2020 was established by the union cabinet of India and the father of National Education Policy 2020 is Krishna swami kasturirangan he is the main person to recommend the National Education policy 2020. The main aim of National Education policy 2020 is to ensure the equity and quality Education to better future and Equal Employment opportunities to students of India. It transforms the Traditional system of Education to new modern Education in India and achieves it by 2030. The National Education Policy 2020 in India was aimed to fulfill the five pillars which are Access, Equity, quality, Affordability and Accountability.. The one more important concept of National Education policy is to establish the Three- language policy which also exists in National Education policy 1968 but this concept is not accepted by all states in India like Tamilnadu still didn’t accept the National Education policy 2020.
Key words: National Education policy, Union Cabinet of India, Quality Education, Three language policy, Implementation, Tamil Nadu.
Synopsis:
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Background of National Education policy 2020
- Objectives of National Education policy 2020
4.1. Strengthening Teacher Training
4.2. Use of technology in Education
4.3. Three Language policy
4.4. Overall Development
4.5. Flexible Curriculum
- Implementation of National Education policy 2020
- Advantage of National Education policy 2020
6.1. Skill development
6.2. Flexible Learning Pathways
- Disadvantages of National Education policy
7.1. Imbalance in Digital Infrastructure
7.2. Insufficient teacher Training and support
- Conclusion
Introduction:
The national Education policy 2020 is a policy by Government of India to transform the Indian Education system into more Modern and quality Education to students from Age 3 to Age 18 to make students more skilled and to give Employment opportunities for their course of study by the Government of India. This initiative was Mainly done by Krishnaswamy Kasturirangan he is known as Father of National Education policy and implemented by the union cabinet of India on July 29, 2020 . The major goal of the National Education policy is to modernise India’s Education System and focus on providing quality and equity Education to students by well qualified teachers. The NEP aims to modify the 10 + 2 Existing Education system and initiate the new 5+3+3+4 structure in India. Because this new system incorporates all subjects which the students are interested in learning at the same time to skill development of students aged from 3 to 18 years. Prior to this existing NEP 2020 there were also two more policies which were implemented in 1968 and 1986 which are known as National policy of Education 1968 and National policy of Education 1986. Later, these two policies are abolished one by one and in 2020 the government of India aim to implement and likewise most of the states were accepted but one of the State from southern side which is Tamil Nadu still now not accepted and not implemented in Tamil Nadu because of Three language policy which is mentioned in 4.17 Clause of National Education policy, 2020 it says about the three language formula so, the Tamilnadu still reject the national Education policy 2020 because of imposition of Hindi in their states to learn in their academics so Education minister of Tamil Nadu and also supreme court says this is unconstitutional because no law or policy can instinct to learn the specific language which there are not interested in learning and Tamilnadu favoured to follow the two language policy which is Tamil and English language for their students.
Background of National Education policy 2020:
The First initiative for Education policy is taken in the year 1968 in India and first National policy on Education was implemented by the prime minister Indira Gandhi to develop the literacy rate and ensure the better Education for all students without any inequalities. It was implemented based on the recommendation of the kothari commission (1964-1966) the one of the main achievement of this policy is to provide free and compulsory Education for all childrens up to the age of 14 later also mandated by Constitution of India. Later on the National Policy on Education 1968 was replaced by the National policy on Education 1986 because of the need to address social needs and the changing events of Indian economy.
After few years, the Government of India introduced the national policy on Education in may 1986 by the past Prime Minister Rajiv gandhi and the committee was set up under the chairmanship of Acharya Ramamurti. The both National policy on Education 1968 as well as National policy on Education 1986 was Mainly focused on the Inter-disciplinary manners, Equal Quality of Education to students in Urban areas as well as students from rural areas to ensure better future and Employment opportunities to each and every students in India and this policy has also fullfilled the half of their Achievements throughout the national policy on Education 1986. Now, the question will arises in our mind that is, “Then why should the national policy on Education, 1986 could removed in India ?” The Answer is the NPE 1986 was not removed it is just modified by the Government of India in 1992 the reason is The National policy on Education 1986 was revised in 1992 to address emerging challenges and refine its implementation strategies.
Subsequently, In 2020 the National Education policy was implemented by the Union and State Governments, the Ministry of Education (GoI), State Departments of Education, various Boards, NTA, regulatory bodies for school and higher education Institution. In this policy there are many significant features like 5+3+3+4 school structure. NEP, 2020 aim to increase the GER to 100% in preschool to secondary level by 2030 whereas GER in Higher Education including vocational education from 26.3% (2018) to 50% by 2035.
Objectives of National Education policy,2020:
1.Strengthening Teacher Training :
The National Education policy 2020 not only focuses on students development it also concentrated in strengthening the teacher training and development because the teachers playing an biggest role in students future so they are also aware of shaping the new Education system throughout their trained skills and knowledge to deliver quality Education to students. The National Education Policy 2020 also ensures they have updated with the latest teaching methodologies and practical experience or knowledge.
2 .Use of technology in Education:
In today’s Generation the technology plays an important role in every field when it is comes to Education the technology is an major source for students. So The National Education Policy 2020 also gives recognise to the use of Technology in Education. By providing technology, National Education policy 2020 aims to make Education more engaging, interactive and accessible to all students from Urban as well as Rural areas. The best Example for use of Technology in Education was an period of “Covid 19″ during that period most of the schools and college intiate the online classes through the Technology.
3.Three- language policy:
One of the main goal of the National Education policy is the Three- laungage policy. Originally, it was first proposed by the kothari commission in 1964 to 1966 and later it was adopted by the National policy on Education 1986 after some modification made in NPA 1986 it was replaced to the Clause 4.13 of the National Education policy it says that every state compulsory follow and every students should study the three laungages during their academics which is 1. The mother Thongue or Regional language of students 2. Hindi and Lastly 3. English. But, this formula was opposed by Tamil nadu this becomes a controversial because of political Issue. The NEP 2020 emphasizes flexibility, allowing states and institutions to implementation based on regional needs and student preferences. No state is forced to adopt a specific language says Supreme Court of India.
4.Overall development:
The Existing Education system only focuses on the specific course or subject like Literature, Science, Business management and Arts but National Education policy 2020 aims to provide overall skills to the students at the same time from the age 3 to 18 for all students. It also promotes learning in various fields, such as sports, fashion and other entertaining activities. Such learning makes the students more self-assured and provides an opportunity for them to know their skills and strengths. The vision is to make sure that children learn all the capabilities they require to live a successful and joyful life.The National Education policy aims to equip students with the ability to become competent and well-rounded people fit for challenges in the world.
5.Flexible curriculum:
The vision of National Education policy 2020 is to make flexible learning by students to pick the subjects in which they have the most interest. Rather than a rigid list of subjects, students can have the freedom to study that which interests them. This makes students more enthusiasm to learn the new thing which they are interested and remain motivated in school. The policy also allows students to learn at their own pace, hence not being rushed or left behind. This gives students the opportunity to pratical experiment with various fields of study and find what they love. Having a flexible curriculum will allow students to concentrate on their strengths as well as their favorite areas.
Implementation of National Education policy, 2020 :
India’s National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 aims to transform the education system by enhancing early childhood care, foundational literacy, and multidisciplinary education. Significant successes have been achieved, but challenges remain, such as digital divide issues and the need for better teacher training. Progressive local initiatives underscore NEP’s transformative potential. The national Education policy, 2020 was established in July 29, 2020 in India by Union and State Governments, the Ministry of Education (GoI), State Departments of Education, various Boards, NTA, regulatory bodies for school and higher education Institution. After that, the many states in India adopted and Implemented the National Education policy 2020. The first state to adopt the NEP 2020 is the karnataka from academic year 2021-2022. The Education system in karnataka is classified into four divisions which are School Education, graduate Education, Technical Education and Higher Education.
The 23 states/ union territories adopted the National Education policy and some states are take initiative to implement the NEP in their states and they are following the 5+3+3+4 System in their state academics for Education. The Tamil Nadu is the one state which refuse to accept the National Education policy 2020 because of the three language policy impose the people to srudy the Hindi language in their Education system and the central Government instict to study Hindi language compulsory so the Education minister of Tamil Nadu strongly oppose the Three language policy.
Advantage of National Education Policy 2020:
Skill development:
The main advantage of national Education policy 2020 is to increase the skill of the students by equipping students with 21st-century skills such as critical thinking, communication and problem-solving. This enhances their Employment opportunities and prepares them for future challenges . This kind of activities helps to find out theirs Intrested field to achieve in Life.
Flexible Learning Pathways:
The policy offers flexible learning pathways because it allows students to choose subjects based on their interests and career aspirations. This promotes personalized learning, enabling students to explore their passions and develop expertise in their chosen fields. The National Education Policy not only focuses on Certain subjects and not strictly impose students to study Certain subject it gives option to students to study what they are interested fields.
Disadvantages of National Education policy 2020:
Imbalance in Digital Infrastructure:
The new education policy places significant emphasis on digital education and e-learning platforms. While this can enhance access to education, it also exposes the digital divide prevalent in our society. Not all students have equal access to digital devices, internet connectivity, or resources required for online learning. This imbalance may further marginalize students from economically disadvantaged backgrounds, exacerbating educational inequalities. In some rural areas there is still problem of network. So The National Education Policy also wants to take steps to initiate the digital network in Rural areas.
Insufficient teacher Training and support:
The National Education Policy 2020 falls short in adequately addressing the training and support needs of teachers. The lack of clear guidelines for continuous professional development and incentives may impact the quality of education imparted in classrooms. The Insufficient in teachers training leads to drawback of students future because the students future is depends upon the pratical knowledge of the tutor if the teacher failed to do the national Education policy becomes waste to India.
Conclusion: At conclude, The national Education policy 2020 has an both Advantage and Disadvantages like both sides in coin. The new National Education Policy (NEP) 2020, is a good policy as it aims at making the education system holistic, flexible, multidisciplinary, aligned to the needs of the 21st century and the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals. The intent of policy seems to be ideal in many ways but it is the implementation where lies the key to success.
